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Tanzanite: The Gemstone of a Thousand Blues

What is Tanzanite?

Tanzanite, a captivating gemstone renowned for its mesmerizing blue hues, is a variety of the mineral zoisite. It is found exclusively in a small area of northern Tanzania, making it a truly unique and sought-after stone.

Discovery and History

Tanzanite was first discovered in 1967 by a Maasai herdsman named Ali Juuyawatu. He noticed blue crystals in the Merelani Hills and brought them to the attention of geologist John Saul. Saul initially mistook the stones for sapphires, but further analysis revealed them to be a new variety of zoisite.

The gemstone was named "tanzanite" by Tiffany & Co., which introduced it to the global market in 1969. The name pays homage to Tanzania, the country where it was discovered.

Gemological Properties

Tanzanite exhibits several distinct gemological properties that contribute to its brilliance and allure:

Color: Tanzanite is renowned for its intense blue color, which varies from light sapphire blue to deep violet-blue. This color is caused by the presence of trace amounts of vanadium in the mineral structure.
Hardness: On the Mohs scale of hardness, tanzanite ranks between 6.5 and 7. This makes it durable enough for use in jewelry but requires care to avoid scratching.
Clarity: Tanzanite crystals are typically transparent to translucent, allowing light to pass through them easily. Inclusions, such as mineral impurities or fractures, can affect the gemstone's clarity and value.
Pleochroism: Tanzanite displays strong pleochroism, meaning it appears to change color depending on the viewing angle. This unique optical property enhances the gemstone's visual appeal.

Mining and Production

Tanzanite is mined in a small area of the Merelani Hills in Tanzania. The mining process involves extracting the gemstones from underground shafts and washing them out of the surrounding rock.

The majority of tanzanite mining is artisanal, with small-scale miners using traditional methods to extract the gemstones. However, some larger-scale mining operations are also present.

Market Value and Investment Potential

Tanzanite is a highly valued gemstone, with prices varying depending on its size, quality, and color. In recent years, the demand for tanzanite has surged, leading to a steady increase in its market value.

According to the Gemological Institute of America (GIA), the average price of a one-carat tanzanite gemstone ranged from $400 to $1,000 in 2021. However, exceptional stones of high quality and large size can command significantly higher prices.

Investment Considerations

Tanzanite has been considered a potential investment opportunity due to its rarity and increasing demand. However, it is important to note that gemstone investments carry inherent risks, and it is crucial to conduct thorough research and due diligence before making any investment decisions.

Jewelry Applications

Tanzanite is a popular choice for fine jewelry, including necklaces, earrings, pendants, and rings. Its intense blue color and durability make it suitable for everyday wear.

Jewelry designers often incorporate tanzanite into pieces that complement the gemstone's unique pleochroism, creating stunning and eye-catching designs.

Healing Properties and Metaphysical Beliefs

Throughout history, tanzanite has been associated with various healing properties and metaphysical beliefs. It is said to:

Promote a sense of peace and tranquility
Enhance spiritual growth and development
Stimulate creativity and imagination
Facilitate communication and understanding

While these beliefs lack scientific evidence, many people find solace and inspiration in the spiritual associations of tanzanite.

Stories and Lessons

Story 1:

In 2006, a 122-carat tanzanite gemstone was discovered in the Merelani Hills. Named the "King of Merelani," this magnificent stone captivated the world with its deep blue color and exceptional clarity. After a lengthy bidding war, it was sold for a record-breaking $3.3 million.

Lesson: Tanzanite's rarity and exceptional beauty have the power to evoke awe and enduring fascination.

Story 2:

Tanzanite has been used in jewelry for centuries, symbolizing loyalty and love. In many cultures, it is believed that giving a tanzanite gemstone as a gift represents a promise of eternal devotion.

Lesson: Tanzanite's associations with love and fidelity make it a cherished choice for sentimental jewelry.

Story 3:

Tanzanite mining in Tanzania has played a significant role in the country's economic development. The mining industry provides employment and supports local communities, contributing to the livelihoods of many.

Lesson: Gemstone mining can have positive socioeconomic impacts, supporting local economies and empowering communities.

Tips and Tricks

Store tanzanite jewelry carefully: Avoid exposing tanzanite to excessive heat or light, as it can cause the gemstone to fade. Store jewelry in a cool, dry, and dark place.
Clean tanzanite gently: Use a soft brush and mild soap when cleaning tanzanite jewelry. Avoid using harsh chemicals or ultrasonic cleaners, which can damage the gemstone.
Protect tanzanite from scratches: Tanzanite is a relatively durable gemstone, but it can still be scratched by harder objects. When storing jewelry, keep it away from other items that could scratch its surface.
Choose high-quality stones: When purchasing tanzanite jewelry, look for gemstones with good clarity, intense color, and minimal inclusions. Seek advice from a reputable jeweler or gemologist to ensure you are getting the best value for your money.

Common Mistakes to Avoid

Avoid overexposure to sunlight: Prolonged exposure to sunlight can cause tanzanite to fade or lose its color. Protect tanzanite jewelry when wearing it outdoors for extended periods.
Don't use harsh cleaning methods: Using harsh chemicals or ultrasonic cleaners to clean tanzanite can damage the gemstone. Stick to gentle cleaning methods as described above.
Avoid wearing tanzanite in high-impact activities: Tanzanite is not as hard as diamonds, so avoid wearing tanzanite jewelry during strenuous activities or contact sports.
Be cautious of imitations: Synthetic tanzanite and imitations using other gemstones, such as blue spinel, are sometimes sold as genuine tanzanite. Ensure you purchase from reputable sources and seek professional authentication if needed.

FAQs

1. Is tanzanite a natural gemstone?

Yes, tanzanite is a naturally occurring gemstone found exclusively in Tanzania.

2. How rare is tanzanite?

Tanzanite is a very rare gemstone, with only a limited supply available. It is estimated that the tanzanite deposits in Tanzania will be exhausted within the next 20 to 30 years.

3. What is the best way to care for tanzanite jewelry?

Store tanzanite jewelry in a cool, dry, and dark place. Clean gently using a soft brush and mild soap. Avoid exposing it to excessive heat, light, or harsh chemicals.

4. Is tanzanite a good investment?

Tanzanite has the potential to be a good investment, but it carries inherent risks. The value of tanzanite can fluctuate depending on market demand and supply. Conduct thorough research and due diligence before making any investment decisions.

5. What is the typical carat weight range for tanzanite gemstones?

Tanzanite gemstones typically range in carat weight from 0.5 to 20 carats. However, larger stones are rare and highly prized.

6. What other gemstones can be confused with tanzanite?

Tanzanite can be confused with other blue gemstones, such as blue sapphire, blue spinel, and iolite. It is important to have tanzanite gemstones properly authenticated by a qualified gemologist to ensure authenticity.

7. What is the Mohs hardness of tanzanite?

Tanzanite ranks between 6.5 and 7 on the Mohs scale of hardness. This makes it a relatively durable gemstone but still requires care to avoid scratching.

8. Is tanzanite durable enough for everyday wear?

Yes, tanzanite is durable enough for everyday wear when handled with proper care. However, it is recommended to avoid wearing tanzanite jewelry during strenuous activities or contact sports to prevent scratching or damage.

Conclusion

Tanzanite, with its captivating blue hues, unique geological origins, and metaphysical associations, has captivated the world since its discovery. Its rarity, beauty, and growing demand make it a desirable gemstone for collectors, investors, and jewelry enthusiasts alike. However, it is important to approach tanzanite investments and purchases with informed decision-making and proper care to fully appreciate its value and beauty.